What type of learning does hands-on activity typically encourage in the classroom?

Hands-on activities are designed to engage students actively in the learning process, allowing them to manipulate materials, experiment, and explore concepts directly. This type of learning is characterized by the idea that students learn best through experiences and practice rather than through passive information absorption.

Experiential learning fosters deeper understanding as it encourages students to connect theoretical knowledge to real-world applications, enhancing retention and comprehension. This hands-on engagement aligns with educational theories such as constructivism, where learners build their understanding through active participation. Such activities might include science experiments, art projects, or group collaborations, all of which require active involvement from the students.

In contrast, the other options do not promote the same level of engagement and practical application. Passive learning typically involves listening to lectures or reading without active engagement, while textbook-based learning, although informative, does not provide the tactile and interactive experiences that enhance understanding. Competitive learning focuses more on comparison and rivalry among students rather than collaboration and practical experience, which can detract from the focus on experiential learning. Thus, the emphasis on hands-on activities distinctly supports the concept of experiential learning.